Puck Brecher has published a monograph titled Loving and Loathing Wildlife in Japan: Four Animal Conservation Paradigms – UH Press (link opens in new window). The book examines the four dominant paradigms—compassionate control (pre-1868), utility (1868–1945), conservation (1868–1980), and welfare (1902–1999)—that have dictated how Japan has conceptualized and handled its engagements with wildlife.